Xiao Bian Introduction: speaking, language interpretation is an art, how in the end should be translated, how to say, is very important for the interpreter, then, it seems, are no different interpretation and presentation slightly ~?
The biggest difference between interpretation and translation, one interpretation is that workers are not "nothing at all", but are in "stage" work. Although cultural Translation Theory says that even in translation, the translator is also a "visible" (Visible), but in terms of work characteristics, the interpreters is clearly more "visible."
The visibility of the work even if the interpretation is full of fun, but also brought many challenges to the translator. Standing among a large crowd, in full view of the opening speech itself is not an easy thing. Regardless of how the quality of translation, the translator should first of all is an excellent speaker. Otherwise, even well translated and then also because of poor sound quality, rhythm, or spit the word leaving the audience was dull. Obviously, for a successful interpreters, the mastery of a solid presentation skills are fundamental to business.
1. Familiar with the speech areas, and enhance speech effect
For good communication effects, interpreters work in a place of arrival, be sure to familiar with the work environment. A spokesman for the room in which facilities for observing the situation, the level of the roof, the thickness of the curtains, room size and so will affect the sound. In addition, the number of viewers need to address the spokesman, speaking at the podium or the flow of speech, these translators are to be considered. For the translator himself, is standing beside the speaker, or retreated to the side of the stage, there is no auxiliary tools (such as a microphone), there is a microphone stand, or portable handheld wireless microphone wireless microphone, in the work of the short time before the start of should grasp the situation as fully as possible. Particular attention to debug the microphone to avoid quality problems or embarrassment enough battery power.
2. The integrated use of several major elements of the speech
Speaker produces sound with a series of physiological processes - first air exhaled from the lungs, airflow through the larynx, vocal cords and the formation of the sound vibration; go through the pharynx, mouth and nose, the sound is amplified and modified, and finally through the tongue, lips , teeth and jaw and other parts of the formation of a specific tone. Translator in the translation should be noted that the use of several elements of speech, namely: the volume (Volume), pitch (Pitch), rhythm (Rate), pause (Pauses), pronunciation (Pronunciation) and spit the word (Enunciation).
The size of the speaker volume and intensity of the sound level. Do not yell interpreter, even a spokesman for the sound is too large, nor are the effects of increased volume. Even moderate volume translation of his audience easily accepted, it will not look confident enough, or unoriginal. Adjust the volume in the translation process is necessary. Speech translator from the beginning to face the audience should be observed, especially in the front row and the last row of the audience's face. Audience exposed front face or back of the audience uncomfortable revealing puzzled expression, the volume is not appropriate signal.
High and low pitch sound level. In general, the best translators in the translation by alto, tenor appeared calm as credible, and should pay attention to the audience through the changes in tone feel the friendly, modest, sincere and enthusiastic. As a translator, expressed strong emotions is inappropriate, tepid tone can be more objective look yourself. However, this does not mean that interpreters should be used throughout a tone, monotonous tone will make listeners feel the same boring, greatly undermined the presentation effect.
Rhythmic sound of the speaker's speed of delivery. Typically, the Chinese expression of 150 per minute to 180 words in English is 120 to 150 words. Although the translator should consider the contents of the translation used by the speaker characteristics and determined the rate of translation to convey the rhythm of their own, but in the mean value plus or minus a margin too large, the information will cause the audience to accept the additional burden. Therefore, the translator should be a moderate speed, but also important information points, such as numbers, technical terms, names, titles, etc., and the speaker should be particular emphasis on key words appropriate slow speed. Frequent adjustments in the pace of the process of translation is also very important.
Pause in the process of information transfer a short break. For the interpreter, the right both to natural and generous pause to create time for reflection or repair the defect in translation, but also the expression for the information to bring even better results. Mark Twain once said about speaking skills, "the right word may be effective, but no words more effectively than the right of the pause." Translators should be careful to take time to pause, long pause will make listeners think that is the translator did not turn out, thus affecting the confidence of their interpreters; and too short pause and would not achieve any effect. Mark Twain that "for an audience to a short pause; two audience, pause a little longer; wider audience, pause a bit longer."
Pronunciation of the language used in the speaker voice, tone and rhythm are correct. A good translator, first in Chinese and English spoken there is no obstacle on the pronunciation of the language at least to be consistent with the norms and standards to avoid the impact of the local accent. This is one of the basic quality of interpreter, not repeat here.
Speaker can spit words to say words clearly and completely. Spit words clearly convey information essential for effective. Slow rate of speech is an effective way to strengthen the word spit. Also, because the dialogue is different from the formal setting of the speech to talk, it often requires the speaker to send a more relatively complete word, word, and words (words and word) between the linking, the weak reading, slur such as reducing the need for appropriate , but also to avoid adding in the expression of an unnecessary expression with the personal habits, such as "ah ... ..." "This ... ..." "That is ... ...", "Well ..."," Eh ..." , "Yes ..."," OK ..." and so on.
3. To maintain good manners and generosity of
In addition to express in words other than the interpreter's body language is equally important. In the process of translation, translators should consider the following aspects: wearing a dress to be decent translator and adjusted according to the work situation. In the formal negotiations, meetings, banquets and other occasions, the interpreter needs a dress, but without exaggeration; other less serious occasions, such as guided tours, visits, potluck, etc., can be some of the more casual clothing (Buisness Causual). If you are not sure how to dress, it has to ask the organizers. Important is not the same as the good expensive trendy clothing brand clothing, but should be clean, generous, decent clothing.
Attitude Station / posture to straighten out decent, the body can not be frequent to swing. Points can not cross your legs, sit with your legs or not Alice Huang legs. Work should maintain a high input state of mind. Gestures as a translator, excessive use of gestures give people the feeling of publicity stunts. Daily work in the informal interpretation, the interpreter can be supplemented with the appropriate gesture in the communication; but in a formal setting, the interpreter must maintain correct discreet, should not dance.
Look to increase eye contact with the audience, can enhance the effectiveness of communication. However, the translators and from different countries and cultural backgrounds of people to contact, should pay attention to different cultural taboo for eye contact. For example: Europe, America and Arab countries who used to look when talking to each other's eyes, while some countries in Asia and Africa, people talk and avoid direct eye contact, especially in different gender, different levels of case identification. If the speech is a formal occasion, the interpreter should audiences in different directions, and eye contact, and the eyes remain in a position to extend the time should be relatively few, or it might be erratic, the impression of lack of confidence.
Expression through the easy and natural expression, always friendly and communicated to the audience. Even in the difficult process of translation occurs, the interpreter should not frown, stare or showing other depressed, helpless expression. Interpreters need to show facial expressions on the audience's goodwill, but also to show how the translation should be the subject of interest and grasp. At the same time, interpreters are not actors, exaggerated facial expressions would be counterproductive contrived.
In summary, the translator as occupying "foreground," the communicator, the instrument should be kept clean and generous master the language skills to achieve both reasonable manner, humble stable, amiable. "A good beginning is half done", the interpreter's success largely depends on a few words that speak to the audience the feeling.